A novel intelligent Sleep Wakeup Scheduling algorithm to the Area Coverage problem in Wireless Sensor Networks

One major problem in the area of wireless sensor networks is the coverage problem. The coverage problem deals with the ability of the network to cover a certain area or some certain events. In this paper, we focus on the area coverage problem. We use a cluster-based coverage control scheme and propose HSSAC protocol to maintain sensing coverage by keeping a small number of active sensor nodes and a small amount of energy consumption in a wireless sensor network. In this protocol, proper active sensor set can be determined using the harmony search algorithm. Due to the proposed protocol accuracy in selecting the active sensor set, it is able to provide the acceptable coverage rate in sparse deployment. As the result of increasing nodes density, the proposed protocol decreases the number of active nodes in the sensor networks. Thus, the proposed protocol decreases the energy consumption of the networks and prolongs the network lifetime. We have simulated our protocol and simulation results show high efficiency of the proposed protocol.